battle of yorktown muster rolls battle of yorktown muster rolls

[Muster rolls, etc., 1743-1787] by Montgomery, Thomas Lynch, 1862- Publication date 1906 Topics Pennsylvania. The new line is in place by the morning of October 12. Our work has been featured by the New York Times, TIME magazine, History Channel, Discovery Channel, Smithsonian, Mental Floss, NPR, and more. . containing company and regimental muster and pay rolls of the regiments of the Connecticut "Line," together with numerous militia rolls and miscellaneous papers, and the large . There are some difficulties in using WO 16, caused by the re-organisation of the Army in 1881. Forty percent of the American rounds fired were from mortars and howitzers, accounting for nearly seventy percent of the weight of metal fired. Updated: October 18, 2021 | Original: November 9, 2009. [14] Orderly Books for Col. John Lambs Second Regiment, New York Historical Society, entries for October 8-17, 1781. 1st New York and militia unable to prevent Johnson's retreat to Canada. Clicking on the View Image icon on the search results or record level pages will take you to the first image of the roll that the individual is on. Private Rank made permanent in the Army, December 25, 1782. Battle of Bunker Hill, June 17, 1775. [5] William W. Reynolds, Virginia State and Continental Regiments at the Siege of Yorktown, Military Collector & Historian 68 (2016): 347. Nov. 7, 1781 [11] Gaspard de Gallatin, Journal of the Siege of Yorktown (Washington: United States Government Printing Office, 1931), 31. Siege and Surrender of Yorktown, Sept.-Oct., 1781. Stevens, GLC02437.01228, GLI. The Battle of Yorktown was the last great battle of the American Revolutionary War. Lord North resigns 15 days later. With the mission refocused on taking Cornwalliss army in Yorktown, the French continued their trek for 300 miles and five weeks and helped win a critical victory for the Americans. DOC Roster of Patriot Soldiers at the Battles of Ninety Six (1775 & 1781) Lists numbers of prisoners taken 19 October 1781 in the British surrender of Yorktown (excluding marine prisoners). Their attempts prove futile. The books themselves are in alphabetical order of soldiers names. The siege was a decisive Franco-American victory: after the surrender of British Lt. Gen. Charles, Earl Cornwallis on October 17, the government of Lord North fell, and its replacement entered into peace negotiations that resulted . Pennsylvania Archives, Fifth Series (1906), Vol. An analysis of pension applications by members of the 2nd Continental Artillery shows that the majority enlisted in New York. [18], Daily reports by the field officer of the batteries were required to mention casualties as well as ammunition consumed. Lamb arrived off Williamsburg in that river by September 25, found nearby Trebells Landing to be a suitable place to land the ordnance, and by October 1 had his guns and supplies ashore. On October 1, 1781, he mustered 382 officers and men present and fit for duty representing the Continental artillery regiments as follows: Much credit must go to the thirty-one-year-old Knox and his field officers for training his regiments from the beginning of the war such that the officers and men in this diverse corps, supported by a large group of non-artillerists, could perform as efficiently as they did during the siege. For those covering the date of the Battle of Waterloo you can also search by an individual's name. The British surrender forecast the end of British rule in the colonies and the birth of a new nationthe United States of America. Knox rotated this duty among the company officers of all four Continental artillery regiments. battle of yorktown muster rolls - fondation-fhb.org Private [Muster rolls, etc., 1743-1787] - Archive Muster rolls for the other two regiments for early 1782 are proxies for the September 1781 rolls. Reports of numbers of artillery pieces in batteries added after that date are inconsistent. Knoxs direction to use ricochet firing and the extensive use of howitzers and mortars reduced the need for observing precisely where each round landed, facilitating night firing. General Lord Cornwallis surrendering his sword and his army to General George Washington and the Continental and French armies after the final battle of the Revolutionary War on October 19, 1781 in Yorktown, Virginia. The American portion of that artillery force consisted of fewer than 400 gunners of the Continental artillery. 19, 1781. The American conflict was unpopular and divisive, and there was no end in sight. web pages Brown, The American Campaigns of Rochambeaus Army 1780, 1781, 1782, 1783 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1972), 1:33; Claude C. Sturgill, ed., Rochambeaus Memoire de la Guerre en Amerique, The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 78 (Jan. 1970): 61; Marquis de Chastellux, Travels in North America, in the Years 1780, 1781, and 1782 (London: G.G. Colonial National Historical Park preserves the Yorktown Battlefield, one of the most pivotal Revolutionary War battlefields and a must-see for any Revolutionary War enthusiast. grandfather. Historic Valley Forge: Who served here The Royal Navy, attempting to sail up the Bay to Cornwallis, is met by French warships at the mouth of the Chesapeake. The British Army marched out with colours cased, and drums beating a British or a German march. Those of the Italian Legion no longer survive. American Casualties at Yorktown - National Park Service The superb work of the French gunners at Yorktown deserves an account of its own. There are also description books for the Royal Artillery, 1749-1863 and 1773-1876, in WO 54/260-309 and WO 69/74-80, respectively, and for the Royal Irish Artillery, 1756-1774, in WO 69/620. [6], Washington next ordered Brig. Cornwallis has thrown up a series of redoubts on the outskirts of Yorktown while the majority of his men hunker down in the town. Ibid. Surrender of Conwallis. Serious fighting ensues in close quarters, but the British are overwhelmed. Private Oct . When they found the French fleet was instead sailing to the Chesapeake Bay, Washington concocted a new plan. Their daily rate of fire averaged 686 rounds varying from a low of about 240 to a high of over 1,600; American gunners hurled over one hundred tons of metal at the British during the bombardment. [2], The regiment that marched south was comprised of seven companies, raised primarily in New York, whose captains were: Thomas Bliss; John Doughty; George Fleming; Thomas Machin; Gershom Mott; Jacob Reed; and William Stevens. The Battle of Yorktown marks the collapse of the British war efforts. This series of battles and Nixon's presence in New York starting in July further support the idea that Freeman served at Saratoga and not Brandywine and witnessed a pivotal turning point in the American Revolution. [1] Robert Selig, The March to Victory: Washington, Rochambeau, and the Yorktown Campaign of 1781, CMH Pub. The Childers reforms of 1881 (a process which began with the Cardwell reforms of the 1870s) led to major changes within infantry (foot) regiments: The arrangement of WO 16 reflects the re-organisation of the army following the Cardwell-Childers reforms. With few resources at hand, the Americans knew they would need to engage an ally if they were to sustain a fight for independence. York The overall dates are 1756 to 1900, but for most regiments there are volumes for the first half of the 19th century only. During the American Revolution, the colonies were facing a superpower. Cowpens, in its part in the Revolution, was a surprising victory and a turning point that changed the psychology of the entire war. [19] Daily Reports by Field Officers of the Batteries, GLC02437.01228, 01229 and 01232, and Invoice of stores on the lines October 19th 1781, GLC02437.01242, GLI; Howard H. Peckham, The Toll of Independence (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974), 92. The march they chose was The World Turned Upside Down. The anecdote was told second hand by a Maj. William Jackson of Philadelphia, who claimed to have received the information from Lt. Col. John Laurens. British Half Pay in 1784. . While daylight probably saw more action than nighttime, Washington was determined to force the British to surrender before reinforcements arrived and directed that the bombardment continue around the clock. Required fields are marked *. Present The Majority of our funds go directly to Preservation and Education. [16] Orderly Books for Col. John Lambs Second Regiment, New York Historical Society, entries for October 8-12, 1781; Daily Reports by Field Officers of the Batteries, GLC02437.01218, 01219, 01222, 01226, 01227, 01228, 01229, 01232, and 01234, GLI; Adrian B. Caruana, British Artillery Ammunition 1780 (Alexandria Bay, NY: Museum Restoration Service, 1979), 20-21. New York Regiments in the Continental Army - American Revolutionary War A-029. Olive Tree Genealogy was chosen by Family Tree Magazine as one of the 101 Best Genealogy Websites 2017! $249.99 Add to Favorites . Records in this collection are arranged into three categories . [1], Gen. George Washingtons determination of units from the American Army in New York that would march to Yorktown in August 1781 included only one artillery regiment, the 2nd Continental Artillery Regiment. In the summer of 1780, 5,500 French troops, with Comte de Rochambeau at the helm, landed in Newport, Rhode Island to aid the Americans. Private However, Paul Aussaresses, Lartillerie francaise au siege de Yorktown (1781), Revue Historique de lArmee 26 (2) (1970): 38 stated that the French had deployed sixty-four pieces, though that double-counted pieces in the first and second parallel. The British surrender forecast the end of British rule in the colonies and the birth of a new nationthe United States of America. Muster rolls for the other two regiments for early 1782 are proxies for the September 1781 rolls. Italso cemented Washingtons reputation as a great leader and eventual election as first president of the United States. Fix Bayonets: The Revolutions Climactic Assault at Yorktown, The Southern Theater of the American Revolution, Baumans Plan of the Investment of York and Gloucester, Yorktown | Assaults on Redoubts 9 and 10 | Oct 14, 1781. The 1st Maryland Regiment under William Smallwood was held in reserve. They provide a soldiers: From about 1868 musters may also include Marriage Rolls giving details of children and wives occupying married quarters. [11], A detail of artillerymen was appointed each day to work during daylight hours in the artillery parks laboratory where ammunition was prepared for delivery to the batteries. [20], The American gunners who served at the Siege of Yorktown participated in the longest, most intense, and most decisive artillery engagement of the Revolutionary War. Washington orders troops to dig a second parallel 400 yards closer to the British lines. [15], Daily details for the batteries totaled between 120 and 200 officers and men during the first five days of the siege, reflecting the fact that the Americans probably had a maximum of twenty pieces of ordnance mounted during that period. Private It is all over. On March 5, 1782, Parliament passes a bill authorizing the government to make peace with America. Washington ordered the construction of large camps with huge brick bread ovens where Clinton could see them to create the illusion that the Continental Army was preparing for a long stay. This muster roll is from 1782 a year after the Battle of Yorktown Virginia. Your email address will not be published. On June 17, 1775, as British redcoats marched up the heights of Bunker Hill outside of Boston, Massachusetts, they were met with a hail of musketry from the defenders of the earthen redoubt. Don't miss my book on the Loyalist Isaac Vollick (aka Van Valkenburg). The defenders were a motley collection of colonists, from various New England colonies. Lambs second-in-command was Lt. Col. Ebenezer Stevens and for the southern campaign Knox augmented the regiments staff with Maj. Sebastian Bauman, then commanding the artillery at West Point. 19, 1781 died Oct. 29, 1781 19, 1781 George Hunter Subscribe to the American Battlefield Trust's quarterly email series of curated stories for the curious-minded sort! Note that "F" is for Fredericksburg [14], In addition to the field officers, captains and captain-lieutenants were assigned each day to command in the batteries. Their forces were well-equipped and expertly trained. Various Naval Actions, 1776-1782. . Stop the Largest Rezoning in Orange County History. May 1780: Sir John Johnson leads Royal Greens, Rangers, and Indians in raid on Johnstown and Caughnawaga. Access to Military Service and Pension Records. But her search into the past leads her to a dark secret. Sick at F Search the history of over 806 billion Althause's Company of New York Volunteers Each volume of the Army List has an alphabetical list of regiments: find the title of the regiment, and turn to the page indicated which lists the various designations over time of its component parts. Benedict Arnold. Send Students on School Field Trips to Battlefields Your Gift Tripled! As one of four experienced field officers of artillery, he would prove to be a valuable addition to Knoxs force during the siege.[8]. With a small force left in New York, about 2,500 Americans and 4,000 French soldiersfacing some 8,000 British troopsbegan digging their own trenches 800 yards from the Brits and started a nearly week-long artillery assault on the enemy on October 9. He, and his company, participated in the engagement at Quintan's Bridge N.J. on March 18, 1778 and the . By mid-September 1781, Washington and Rochambeau arrived in Williamsburg, Virginia, 13 miles from the tobacco port of Yorktown, where Cornwalliss men had built a defense of 10 small forts (a.k.a. In 1777, a delegation headed by Benjamin Franklin arrived at the court of Louis XVI to negotiate an alliance between the United States and France. Sick at F You will then need to scroll through the images until you find the correct image. Ensign Assault upon Quebec, Dec. 31, 1775. . In Calculation of Artillery & for operation, GLC02437.9947, GLI, Knox speculated the French could furnish a total of twenty-eight pieces. Sign up to receive the latest information on the American Battlefield Trust's efforts to blaze The Liberty Trail in South Carolina. The resulting shortfall led to the assignment to Knox on October 6 of the Virginia State Regiment under Lt. Col. Charles Dabney, the Delaware Regiment under Capt. Docketed by Knox's aide-de-camp, Samuel Shaw: "Prisoners of War under [Earl] Cornwallis." Historical Era American Revolution, 1763-1783 Subjects Muster Rolls and Returns Military History Revolutionary War Prisoner of War Battle The number of pieces of French ordnance deployed at Yorktown is difficult to determine with complete confidence. Previously served with Emmerichs Chasseurs in 1777. Within each category the records are arranged as follows: U.S., Sons of the American Revolution Membership Applications, 1889-1970, U.S., Revolutionary War Pension and Bounty-Land Warrant Application Files, 1800-1900, Provided in association with National Archives and Records Administration. The Legion Muster Rolls from February 23, 1781 through February 23, 1782 listed the names of a large number of enlisted members as being a prisoner as of January 17, 1781 (the date of the Cowpens battle) or as of February 23, 1781 (the date of the first muster roll prepared after the battle). The files can contain a wide variety of records submitted to support an application. Contact Us Tools. Battle of Springfield; Battle of Yorktown. Washingtons fame grew to international proportions having wrested such an impossible victory, according to the Washington Library, interrupting his much desired Mount Vernon retirement with greater calls to public service., READ MORE:Explore George Washington's life in our interactive timeline. Muster Roll of the Detached Corps under Charge of Lt. DeBeck ,New York Volunteers On the morning of October 19, the British sent forward a red-coated drummer boy, followed by an officer waving a white handkerchief to the parapet. Alternatively, search The National Archives Library to see what is available to consult at Kew. Private Oct . 2010), pp. or Yorktown. George Washington Papers at the Library of Congress, 1741-1799 . Surrounded by enemy fire, and blocked from receiving aid by the French fleet that had arrived in Chesapeake Bay, Cornwallis was trapped. Private John Atlhause [5], Washington had ordered Maj. Gen.Marquis de Lafayette to take 1,200 Continentals from the army in New York to Virginia in February 1781 to oppose British forces then threatening that state, instructing Lafayette to confer with General Knox concerning needed artillery support. Private Information of genealogical interest includes the application itself, which can provide the soldiers name, rank, unit, time of service, age, date of birth, residence, and sometimes birthplace. In 1779, despite Louis support, the Continental Army, was still struggling. Nathan Dock This information will help us make improvements to the website. Research our Records The National Archives holds records relating to military service during the Revolutionary War, including both Continental troops and state troops that served as Continental troops.