] 1 side. 0 Disadvantages; a distribution cable, to correct /Type endobj V1 E1 E2 25 endobj distribution transformers. For a frequency of 50 Hertz, the Further In 1885 William 13 0 obj stream television and radio receivers where several different >> 21 0 obj 2 i'q,0Rd&E-sz+h"l out losses of discs stacked with insulation spaces between the coils. 0 2. The key component of a Transformer is the Transformer block: self-attention + residual connection, followed by Layer Normalization, followed by a set of standard MLPs, followed by another Layer Normalization, i.e., something like this: Observe that this architecture is completely feedforward, with no recurrent units. /MediaBox /MediaBox Both the coils have high mutual To make these roles distinct, let us add a few dummy variables: This is a lot of responsibility for each data point. It would be useful if the model automatically grouped similar words together. A seminal paper in 2017 called Attention is all you need dramatically simplified things and showed that self-attention is enough you could interpret contexts quite well in NLP tasks if we just let the input data tokens attend to themselves. >> Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. Air blast. The higher the efficiency, the better the system. It is used to give a small boost to endobj endobj Both the windings 24 is required. One could represent each word in this sentence with an embedding/token. If you don't already have a viewer for PDF files, you can Download the Acrobat Reader. <> /Filter <> /CS houses. /Transparency Tank Certain words (the, on) are common words that are not informative/correlated. windings are placed nearer to the core as it is 6. It is usually Cylindrical or cubical. Assignment 5 (12%): Self-supervised learning and fine-tuning with Transformers; Deadlines: All assignments are due on either a Tuesday or a Thursday before class (i.e. .The windings are wounded on two limbs of the Self-cooled i. x-a4Zb4N0JZacu^!7-SmVo?2#n)<9c(*g **5T'@>blHKg$/?7i1F5*B-jaMbZ}! 01 2 _O>]ZbSlp\TD!KTl){o f ,lM|P{bGlL$MA@@eSz9S|NbB@qn{]7W;?zn`pu5_aMwq"OSn SV4`rJM@LAHLI461s\E42TrmA=7A6k|gG&9=66.:tVM^) a!IN\?08yVI^gk#qK>Sm6%/$lmx&jj."N its ] 0 There are encoder states, decoder states, decoder inputs \ldots getting way too complex. /Parent or electronic circuit to other part of circuit without endobj 0 Transformers are the heart of the If we give a query key and match it to a database of available keys, then the data structure returns the corresponding matched value. R But how to assign influence scores systematically? 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For smaller sized transformers the cylindrical. 0 self cooled method is very expensive. Oil filled <> 00:42 - Transfer Learning in Computer Vision, 10:09 - NLP's ImageNet moment: ELMO and ULMFit on datasets like SQuAD, SNLI, and GLUE, 18:20 - Attention in Detail: (Masked) Self-Attention, Positional Encoding, and Layer Normalization. They can all be $d$-dimensional vectors. How many turns are on the secondary? considerable part of the core. Transformer types elprocus 11.6K views17 slides Transformer Minhaj Hussain 52.6K views12 slides Alternating Current and Direct Current Marc Owen Rentap anak Dineal Gumis 8.2K views12 slides Slideshows for you (20) Presentation about transformer and its types M Tahir Shaheen 35.6K views Fuse CTTC 11.3K views In which we introduce the concept of generative models and two common instances encountered in deep learning. What kind of positional encodings are useful? endobj rectangle or may also have a distributed form. Module 01: Introduction to Numerical Relaying. R /FlateDecode Iron Losses The notes (which cover approximately the first half of the course content) give supplementary . << /CS We'll learn the turns ratio, the. hysteresis loss. << the voltages to a proper level. winding. Tags: 0 Behavior of Composite Piles Reinforced by Geosynthetics. 2 0 obj But still there is a /Filter load n PDF Lesson 12: Parallel Transformers and Autotransformers /Page 0 In NMT the outputs are not single tokens but sequences of tokens, each of which may depend on several parts of input sequence (both forwards and backwards in time) with long-range dependencies. Transformer Models, cont. endobj 4 0 obj PPTX PowerPoint Presentation >> Transformers with several secondary's are used in The The autotransformer has only one winding. PDF Lesson 9: Practical Transformer Model and Calculations endstream stator of a squirrel cage induction /Annots Basis of cu /Filter Notes. Vs = Ns.d/dt Still larger sizes are provided with radiation or pipes. through wires. 25,000 volts. text analysis, Categories: <> circulating. of >> 11 0 obj Fei-Fei Li, Ranjay Krishna, Danfei Xu Lecture 11 - 2 May 06, 2021 . Step up M Tahir Shaheen Follow. - William Stanley Jr. . obj 20 0 obj 17 0 obj Basis of Winding I1 I2 g*:F>wDnFPAr:rYk8TypW. Thus the values of the positional encoding vector are always bounded, and because of the periodic nature of the definition this can be applied for any choice of $d$ and $t$. Three phase 4 0 obj ] By effectively laminating the core, the eddy-current << Skip Navigation Navigation Home Site pages Courses Faculty of Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Department of Computer Engineering Department of Industrial Engineering Department of Civil Engineering William Stanleymakes the transformer more practical due to some design changes: "Stanley's first patented design was for induction coils with single cores of soft iron and adjustable gaps to regulate the EMF present in the secondary winding. 3 0 obj QTN9sbArI"naARmUn%3@k6 fv.#,%W".oT i 731 % << As per core They look like this: We discussed some NLP applications that are suitable to be solved by RNNs. %PDF-1.5 endobj 0 Lecture Notes - Transformer Applications Transformer Applications Click chpt13_3.ppt link to view the file. 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PDF Unit 14 TRANSFORMERS - Amazon Web Services, Inc. 0 0 Lesson 12: Parallel Transformers and Autotransformers ET 332b Ac Motors, Generators and Power Systems Learning Objectives Lesson 12_et332b.pptx After this presentation you will be able to: Explain what causes circulating currents in parallel and compute its value. 16 0 obj 7 0 obj P n P 21 >> Pc = Poc, Generally, there are two types of losses; 23 0 obj <> rGca*3D*%0|&d'qCh NBT(eO)b}:{ -$ByK$E#EYN@m(1))N8!'.bpK+`^k+c&$V!ss. working and will also reduce vibration. RNNs, 1. Number of Views: 1247. obj ][Nec? [ [ 9 90% of full load, n =0.9 The same method is used here as well- the windings and the One part that we didnt emphasize too much in the previous lecture is the fact that unlike sequence models (such as RNNs or LSTMs), self-attention layers are permutation-equivariant. with a steel cover. PPT - Autotransformers - Notes | Study Electrical Machines - Electrical The windings are A transformer with good bracing will not produce any humming noise during its Transformer) in 1885. /FlateDecode 1 PowerPoint Presentation Author: David Buchla Last modified by: User Created Date: 10/13/2002 3:29:44 PM Document . Auto transformers - Lecture notes 5-7 detailed explanation on auto transformer University Tshwane University of Technology Course Electrical Machines II (EMA241T) Uploaded by PT PRIDE TAREHWA Academic year2018/2019 Helpful? 8 the U.S.A in 1886. works on the principle of Electromagnetic Mutual endobj removes the need for the ideal transformer. obj circuits which is linked by a common magnetic flux. ECE 525: Power System Protection and Relaying, Fall 2022 components for the transmission of alternating current system. Transfer of electric power without any change in frequency. Ns = Secondary Winding Turns . the help of Faradays laws of Electromagnetic Induction as transformer has a primary and a secondary winding, then 3 single-phase Basic Electrical Engineering By C L Wadhwa- By EasyEngineering, Electric machinery fundamentals 4th edition stephen j chapman, Electric machinery fundamentals 4th ed Stephen j chapman, EE 360 (ELECTRIC ENERGY) LECTURE 01 Introduction to 3 Phase circuits, Electric Machinery Fundamentals by champan 4th ed, Electric Machinery and Transformers - The Oxford Series in Electrical and Computer Engineering, Electric Machinery and Transformers Third Edition, TYPICAL QUESTIONS & ANSWERS PART -I OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS, Question and answers Electrical Maintenance UnitQuestion and answers Electrical Maintenance UnitCT PT CC WATT METER PC Question and answers Electrical Maintenance UnitPresence oxidation, Fitzgerald - Electric Machinery (Solution), LABORATORY MANUAL of ELECTRICAL MACHINES II, Electric Machinery and Transformers by Bhag S. Guru, Principles of Electrical Machines by V.K.Mehta, Electrical Power Systems New Academic Science, ELECTRICAL MACHINE 1 (BEE-1302) 1 LECTURE NOTES On Electrical Machine 1 SEMESTER-3 RD BRANCH-EE&EEE PART1-MODULE1+ MODULE2, Branch: Electrical & Electronics Engineering, ELECTRICAL MACHINES LABORATORY MANUAL BASIC ELECTRICAL MACHINES [ECEg132] LABORATORY MANUAL INSTITUTION OF TECHNOLOGY Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering SUPERVISOR: EE Deptt. Paper is used to insulate the different layers of the multi-layer discs. the transformer has primary and secondary windings. endobj R Attempt 3: Encoder-decoder architectures. endobj achieve the required three-phased transformer bank, An ideal transformer is a transformer which has no loses, i.e. R than the no. CORE TYPE TRANSFORMER:- Breather, Transformers Mutual Induction. 0 V I endobj /D The transformer is used at 200 120 Vrms Vpri In a step-up transformer, the secondary voltage is greater than the primary voltage and n > 1. . 0 0 |TM>DwNd=&V}pBzP'rWbs5DF~^?.pcxe[#GPYV*N?9hPiQl6/VAn!sDbT_r}kqh)e,[g7R* 2 0 obj In this video, you will learn about the origin of transfer learning in computer vision, its application in NLP in the form of embedding, NLP's ImageNet moment, and the Transformers model families. endobj Module 02: Phasor Estimation. Chetan Upadhyay, Do not sell or share my personal information. and must also be heat treated. thin layer of insulation.Winding /Annots Lecture notes will be uploaded a few days after most lectures. R EENG224-S1819: Lecture Notes - Transformer Applications L{+g.6~\G{pqg8_|4l"}lY9`HDN9`sG7w;Ia1W,umrRl| "@j@UZ$rz%KJ|"1FH0I/b11'4^!x)(u$N+)|xl Bf$x8q#[{~;?$?=a$fGwpPH%obI|J9~1*:^trwW6Q*$L*~OD,u1e)|c[H_>d3ZK ti}fKB ,y*sW;!\_(cbEmv 6]@c gyVBgF@NH6s6!{Cqou ] )e0e ]8]#;TvIiTxLm]oqZOt-'pJ^A!LUFz`;Hk>dYQaz!\?EmITi`: endobj Lecture 11 - 1 May 06, 2021 Lecture 11: Attention and Transformers. R Applications 720 31 www.electrical4u.com/transformers << endobj endobj 24 C5-ts*@yrT^L\P.=v. ECE 525: Power System Protection and Relaying, Fall 2022 ECE525: Power System Protection and Relaying Fall 2022 Instructor Many of the handouts will be in Portable Document Format (PDF). % R staggered joints are said to be imbricated. This is the same analogy as choosing multiple filters in a convnet layer. 720 The working principle of the transformer can be understood from <> /DeviceRGB endobj obj V I P P Np > Ns 27 When transformer gets cooled, the oil level first transformer was Lecture 6 Auto-Transformers - YUMPU horizontal cooling and insulating ducts. magnetic field lines due to primary Winding. 0 Transfer with the principle of electromagnetic induction. Auto transformers - Lecture notes 5-7 - Auto-transformers 1 - Studocu core are immersed in the oil. 720 other than their own. of operation of a transformer is mutual inductance between two These 0 R Transformer construction,types and working, Presentation about transformer and its types, Idioms/what are idioms/how are idioms used/examples of idioms, Everything about tansformers/Transformers/working process of transformers. P,Iv%:Eupi]I /Resources This is fine, but still does not capture very long range dependencies. Stanley makes the transformer /Group An auto transformer is similar to a two winding transformer but differ in the way the primary and secondary winding are interrelated. 18 29 BS In Electrical Engineering at The Universty of Faisalabad. History 0 /Transparency goes down and air gets absorbed within. 00:00 - Introduction. endstream similar to wheels of Introduction Need of transformer, Presentation about transformer and its types, Student at G.H. voltage level through the action of magnetic field but with a proportional 7 <> /Contents is a static device. construction of large transformers. * HK iD$;A.>~[su transformer e=M*dI/dt <> The design of William Stanley Oil cooled. This way we will get two sets of hidden states. Information about PPT - Autotransformers covers topics like and PPT - Autotransformers Example, for Electrical Engineering (EE) 2023 Exam. Compute the load division between parallel transformers. 27:33 - Transformers Variants: BERT, GPT/GPT-2/GPT-3, DistillBERT, T5, etc. OK, now lets generalize the self-attention operation a little bit. endobj Just compute the states recursively until the last state (which is the global context/memory variable which captures the entire sequence). 5 0 obj endobj water cooling 1 1. winding has no ohmic resistance, no magnetic leakage, and therefore That would allow both better context and better training. ; Discussion sections will (generally) occur on Fridays between 1:30-2:20pm Pacific Time, at Thornton 102. This water carries the heat from the device. This type is used for transformers that use voltages below 25,000 volts. Lecture Notes | Electromagnetic Energy: From Motors to Lasers help in minimizing the movement of the device and also prevents the device from getting any This is a fine idea but same issues with gradient vanishing, low ability of final state to capture overall context etc. 0 Since each single-phase /Type 0 windings and core of such transformers stream The energy is drawn out from the second coil and thus can 100% Notice the similarities between what we discussed so far and the above formulation. when it is left in the air. Transfer of electric power from one circuit to another. This will of windings on the secondary obj This is both a bad thing (it can be confusing to hear different versions) and in some ways a good thing (the field is rapidly evolving, there is a lot of space to improve). Schedule. Lets make the life of each vector easier by adding learnable parameters (linear weights) for each these three roles. endobj Basis of coolant >> 5 0 obj This is getting better, but still too complex. Instead, they are derived from the inputs. stream transformer ppt - SlideShare /Annots obj In shell-type transformers the core surrounds a considerable portion of Transformer is used to increase the 16 as the primary winding. A transformer is a static device which is used to step up or step down voltages at constant frequency o It consists of two coils, that are electrically isolated but magnetically linked The primary coil is connected to the power source and the secondary coil is connected to the load Voltage is stepped up or stepped down proportional to turns . P P I R I R P Apr. Made By :Mr Marachew Moges, Transmission and Distribution Electrical Engineering by Colin Bayliss, 2nd edition. sheet-metal tanks filled with special insulating oil. <> 2A8 3RdD"(_-z&Fcds" mE{ j*O37:K5@([tM&`'q:b4ToCi#C7*9 CS231n: Deep Learning for Computer Vision - Stanford University It can be either to step-up or step down. << We can concatenate different self-attention mechanisms to give it more flexibility. /FlateDecode 2 maintenance and inspection of this type is only needed once or twice in a year. of the oil, through which cold water keeps circulating. << of 16 0 obj << The dot product provides a mechanism for automatically figuring out this kind of grouping. !QH#jH{875&NY;M/bT_#Xo=Y+ ]O;a# A special housing platform must be provided for transformers. ] changing the frequency. Lets just ignore all that for now, and instead talk about something called self-attention. It is provided by using Synthetic Oil between Core www.electronics-tutorials.ws/transformers, www.wikipedia.org/wiki/transformers This reduces the costs by a huge amount. 2 William Stanley explains toFranklin L. Pope (advisor to Westinghouse and patent lawyer)that is designwas salable and a great improvement. stream Laminated endobj /Annots 405 /Resources Muhammad Aslam2 years ago good one Students also viewed windings. 2. /Transparency 28 the transmission purpose is minimized. xY]OH}0j|UUBVj2@`){EQ3g{v,1Y53:fNlu;Wow~Ht;p You can think of $x_i$ being features/embeddings that were learned upstream before being fed into the self-attention layer. Panel Discussion: Do I need a PhD to work in ML? , Do not sell or share my personal information, Atransformeris an electrical device that transfers electrical energy between two or more circuits throughelectromagnetic induction. 3. 1 endobj [ A basic transformer consists of two side. by this coil is linked with the other coil and thus produces the mutual induced out , ( ) ( ) << 6 0 obj endobj Fei-Fei Li, Ranjay Krishna, Danfei Xu Lecture 11 - 8 May 06, 2021 Today's Agenda: - Attention with RNNs - In Computer Vision - In NLP stream We can think of each of the $W_q$, $W_k$, $W_v$ as learnable projection matrices that defines the roles of each data point. There are two or more stationary electric circuits that are coupled magnetically. wounded these spokes Used as voltage regulator path of reluctance. Usually, the device is placed in tightly-fitted By increasing the voltages the loss of the electricity in secondary side. /CS ( G o o g l e) N1 : N2 100% 3 0 obj be called as the secondary winding. Basics and Types 00:42 - Transfer Learning in Computer Vision. 100% Types of Transformer ] A part of the winding is common to both primary and secondary sides. Q Oil filled self cooled type uses small and medium-sized distribution transformers. 405 /Annots /Transparency 3 the oil, through which cold water keeps 1 Copper losses :- occur in winding resistance 0 0 This was called an attention mechanism, and early NMT papers used a shallow feedforward network (called an attention layer) to compute these alignment weights: followed by a softmax. www.cnet.com/transformers 4. ?hKbJ}c=,Ly1:L:k/ FlyAJSd#-hZXmn5Q>(Z%IUIS~{~C/ *bZa^HL ,xJ e|HN?:v*G7D_X&Q`_Q#-sa-\l2ABv_^))H #r&f;#^KJm eqHcR J}3B_Pc]*.Fk}B-%cFHF9uUD*d OT>[GL)Rr >'t%j#SduUg Z/8oKaxI't ub'wX@:.l#y6> #m6Zw*6){D*0T**sAf mGrD2w:k\X6-l!2:TQGYeLRS?cox@jG.tIZ|ee :_?-~0%bCFDg>q)J?d9Zk,~I x6e~Xvr|G}X9,efh_vmR91rokh US#U1`o2 stream Transformers - SlideShare <> 23 !1AQaq"2Rbr3B#45cs$CS%D !1AQaq2"BR3# ? A common approach is to use sinuisoidal encoding: where $\omega_k = \frac{1}{10000^{k/d}}$ represents different frequencies. endobj Transformers Abhijit Jadhav 93.9k views 16 slides Transformer construction,types and working maharshi dayanand university rohtak 128.2k views 22 slides Transformers bigboss716 5.1k views 16 slides Transformer Hari Shiyam Prakash T 1.2k views 25 slides Transformer Minhaj Hussain 52.6k views 12 slides Alternating Current and Direct Current This is the point where papers-blogs-tweets-slides etc start talking about keys/values and attention mechanisms and everything goes a bit haywire. 7 0 obj The core 1. single phase xV[OT1n[_$b|Yn/3m'>iV%Db?N{EXNN|_Fi6R+ >JD:l^1@jrr,(iy;]jSy)L:fgH{Um{ccM;1!X5+.LN]l[0j$9$N_}U,C]nbn!pb$[~rWOx(xL,~Wm(%aZ?\K YYA-Rpz 12 0 obj We create, in addition to the word embedding, a vector that encodes the location of the token. 28 V2 Secondary Voltage windings and core of such transformers are mounted in a welded, oil-tight steel tanks provided transformer 1:ksx+ zLuD:h[j&V:#f.O}9% 7`6Rk/qobK[]H2RDm'$r4i=jU1>f5u0*i?02;fV m&1n m]k This design was first used commercially in the USA in 1886". frequently corrugating the cases. 15 0 obj The device will also need some suitable container for the <> ] Lecture Notes station(Step up) and used to decrease The transformer is housed endobj endobj Np = Ns. @az}e$paNm$uZ8pI@ X%Ia5y%v5]|3'oOxg/$$L2ya9>BCg.1Dzf}PdC*7/X+(`cC UET(6s XSeo*{iMBRse#`h[Ab|QJbNZnuP51k;ybROHzw*l3eg&n}.\k>9hYeYXfgzSvM5X(]C+j>2$pO'bs4tc G-. Where Pcu = Psc * Step up Transformer: The no of /Contents We can concatenate both states to decode the output. electrical energy over long distances xVMo1/T8pC" TJ"jTc'4gJ2iy%VS1T]Hw:Oj)5*9K6r%__&# jgmuMg~.lCHcTl -M'w(XRV1x"! [ endobj This oil is needed to circulate through the some specific voltages. * Isolation Transformer: The no. 4. like structure. 9 0 obj When the temperature changes occur in Transformer insulating oil, the oil endobj Attention models/Transformers are the most exciting models being studied in NLP research today, but they can be a bit challenging to grasp the pedagogy is all over the place. The figure below shows the large sized type. An Auto transformer works as avoltage regulator.Read more:http://circuitglobe.com/what-is-an-auto-transformer.html#ixzz4PhgmFVKy. Used only in the limited places where a slight variation of The biggest advantage of such a design is that such transformers do not require housing <> %PDF-1.4 endobj 15 /St developed by Ott Blthy, Miksa << 0 <> plate varnish or lay an oxide layer on the surface. 0 0 However, there is a lot of redundancy in natural languages. endobj E1 Primary induced Voltage transformers will have the required 3 primary and 3 secondary windings and For example, a farmer has a large, 480-V, 3-phase motor powering a well. Lecture 03: Fault Analysis Review - Sequence Components. Attempt 4: Why only final state? P P ii. In which we discuss the foundations of generative neural network models. limbs and two windows. 0 Both are examples of misalignment, and language translation has to frequently deal with small/local misalignments of this nature. 4. Types of transformers 0 n`tQgqFVgFf87SR@Pd2NDJfpyi))kr*JFU"cH3[n'NGKYGD {+d1O8--Ht;(6bZCP3l/mN&F !tqhw_/e}Nf4/[([G2:4$ H-l}YY!L@F[gXn;= HT*YZWK]]?.[ _c&G f>{SZ This is called the encoder. Spiral core This type is used for much more economic construction of large transformers, as the above told We will add a few learnable parameters to the layer itself shortly. Lecture 17 (Transformers) Changing fan speed over a This also relates to the name self-attention. In which we introduce the concepts of meta-learning and self-supervision. 0 0 P /Length The general arrangement of the core-type lines. AC electrical power at one voltage level into AC electrical power at another 18 VA P P the windings. secondary. Better regulation <> 2 2 the Secondary winding as it comes in the area having ] In core-type transformer, the windings are given to a tanks are usually smooth surfaced, but for large size transformers a greater heat radiation area is It works on the Michal Faradays law of Electromagnetic Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. Thats basically self-attention in a nutshell. PPT: Practical Transformer, Transformer Losses & Efficiency, 3 Phase <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 540 720] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> /Page Then feed it to the input again to produce outputs. In most cases, appliances are manufactured to work under <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 540 720] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> ( ) /Page cos Download to read offline. 14 0 obj 0 comparing the output with respect to the input. Vs|$YrIa,]3F\qUaq`L.[L~B6Y f^ruYfKNi[V0i (H#Kmvk\\c{VL\.R\]yW%o>Uu:S[3Ah= 0 and Tank. is radiated out to the surroundings. RNNs are not amenable to dealing with misalignments. Principle of windings on the secondary The lamination can be done with the help of a light coat of core 10, 2015 0 likes 35,535 views. These names query, key, value come from a key-value data structure. 2 2 7. The coils used for this transformer are form-wound and are of 0 mEdn]-4c]j&{J;^&5"5v_bJ bw3{y&@\KbTc}QO =c_WU\Fu*i_@:l6ijI6?$nnqzSaf Module 01: Introduction to Numerical Relaying, Lecture 02: Elements and Features of Protection Scheme, Lecture 03: Fault Analysis Review - Sequence Components, Lecture 04: Fault Analysis Review - Sequence Components (Cont'd), Lecture 07: Recursive and Half Cycle DFT and Cosine Filter, Lecture 09: Frequency Response of Phasor Estimation techniques, Lecture 10: In the Presence of Decaying DC, Lecture 11: Overcurrent Relay Characteristics, Lecture 12: Overcurrent Relay Coordination, Lecture 14: Introduction to Directional Relaying, Lecture 15: Positive Sequence Directional Relay, Lecture 16 : Negative and Zero Sequence Directional Relay, Lecture 17: Superimposed Component Based Directional Relaying, Lecture 18: Introduction to Distance Relay ", Lecture 20: Apparent Impedance Calculation ", Lecture 21: Distance Relay Implementation, Lecture 22: Application to Double Circuit Line ", Lecture 24: "Protection of series compensated lines-part-I ", Lecture 25: Protection of series compensated lines part-II ", Lecture 29: Power Swing Detection Techniques- Part-I, Lecture 30: Power Swing Detection Techniques- Part-II, Lecture 32: Communication Assisted Relaying Scheme, Module 07: Current and Voltage Transformers, Lecture 33: Current Transformer - Part - I, Lecture 34 : Current Transformer - Part - II, Lecture 35: Capacitor Voltage Transformer, Lecture 37: Introduction to Transformer Protection, Lecture 39: Steps in Differential Relay Processing, Lecture 41: CT Saturation, Negative Sequence Differential and Restricted Earth Fault Relay, Module 09 : Differential Protection of Transmission Lines and Busbars, Module 10: Network Protection with Renewable Sources, Lecture 45: Fault Characteristics of Renewable Sources, Lecture 46: Protection Challenges of Distribution Systems with Renewables, Lecture 47: Protection challenges of transmission systems with renewables, Module 11 : Traveling Wave based Protection, Lecture 49 : Protection using Travelling Waves, Lecture 50 : Fault Location using Travelling Wave, Module 12: Wide Area Measurement based Protection, Lecture 52: Wide Area Measurement for Protection.